Abstract
Purpose: to analyze the use of water resources (WR) of the Chograi reservoir (CR) of the Chernozemelsky watering and irrigation system (CWIS). Discussion. The CWIS is currently not working at full capacity: only 25 % of the irrigated area was actually watered in 2020. The main reasons are the lack of irrigation technique, there were 54 units in the Republic of Kalmykia in 2019, as well as the lack of water in the source. A detailed consideration of the latter reason showed that only 17 % of the 291.25 million m³ got from the CR to the CWIS were used rationally (irrigation, watering, fishery needs). The inefficiency of use is expressed by low efficiency of the system (among other things the actual physical deterioration which is 87.49 %), causing the loss of 34 % of water, as well as the consumption of WR for other needs, amounting to 49 %, mainly for feeding the reservoirs, which are the tail escapes of the CWIS. Also, for water users in the CWIS zone, there are difficulties in documents execution aimed at increasing the rationality of the WR use. Gaps are found in the permission documentation when the agency responsible for the water supply is not the water user. Conclusions: to improve the rationality of using WR, it is necessary to consider several options aimed at increasing the system efficiency, including the option providing for the construction of a pipeline instead of the Chernozemelsky main canal (ChMK). It is also necessary to reduce the item of expenditures of WR for other needs or more clearly define the purposes for which water is supplied to the ChMK water bodies.
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