Влияние погодных условий на процесс массового развития цианобактерий в Куйбышевском водохранилище

Abstract

According to observation data in the summer period 2016-2021. The interannual variability of weather conditions, water temperature and chlorophyll (Chl) content in the Kuibyshev Reservoir was considered. Regular observations were carried out at the outlet section of the reservoir (Zhigulevsky hydroelectric complex) under conditions of complete mixing of water masses. It has been established that the main factors influencing the process of mass development of cyanobacteria (MDC) are thermal regime and weather conditions. With increasing water temperature, the interval and degree of favorable activity of cyanobacteria increases. Over a 6-year period, the average interval was 44 days, the largest was 72 days, and the smallest was 11 days. The degree of favorability varied widely: from low (23 °С ˃ t ˃ 22 °С) to extreme high (t ˃ 26 °С). The most favorable years for the MRC process were 2016 and 2021, when the Chl content during the summer period was 6.2 and 7.2 μg/dm3, respectively. The least favorable years were 2017 and 2019, when the Chl content during the summer period was 0.6 and 1.4 μg/dm3, respectively. Seasonally, the temperature optimum was observed annually in July. The Chl content in July 2021 was 12.6 μg/dm3, and in the cold July 2017 – 0.7 μg/dm3. Significant variability of the MRC process is due to synoptic cyclicity and changing weather conditions. The established influence of thermal regime and weather conditions on the content of chlorophyll suggests that in conditions of global warming, the process of mass development of cyanobacteria is expected to intensify, which will negatively affect the ecological state and water quality of the Kuibyshev Reservoir.