한국 정부의 화교에 대한 제도적 차별과 화교 사회의 인식 및 대응

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine What kind of institutional discrimination did the government of South Korea against Overseas Chinese in Korea from the 1960s to the mid-1990s, and how Overseas Chinese community recognized and responded to such a discrimination. The materials mainly used for these analysis are ‘Han Hwa Monthly Magazine’ and ‘Qiao Sheng Monthly Magazine’ published by Overseas Chinese in Seoul. Overseas Chinese community was very critical of the government’s institutional discrimination, such as restrictions on residence, restrictions on acquisition and ownership of real estate, and farmland. Chinese community responded in various ways to improve or abolish the government’s institutional discrimination based on the fact that Overseas Chinese is not just foreigners. When Korea-China Friendship Treaty was signed in 1965, Overseas Chinese community attempted to demand and achieve the abolition of various institutional discrimination through the Embassy of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in Korea. As government of South Korea concerned that acceptance of their requests would guarantee their vested rights, and provide a foundation for developing their economy, their requests were rejected. As a result, they were treated equally as other foreigners. And just before the establishment of diplomatic relations between Korea and the People’s Republic of China, Overseas Chinese Association of Seoul strongly tried to request abolition of restrictions on real estate acquisition through the Embassy of the Republic of China (Taiwan) to be ended in vain. They had the nationality of the Republic of China (Taiwan). They were very dissatisfied with their government which failed to fulfill their requests.