КОНСТРУКТИВНО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НЕСУЧИХ ПОВЕРХОНЬ ВЕРТОЛЬОТА З ПОЛІМЕРНИХ КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИХ МА-ТЕРІАЛІВ

Abstract

The analysis of both foreign and domestic experience in the use of polymer composite materials in the structures of the lifting surfaces of a helicopter (blades, wing, stabilizer, fin), as well as the technological features of the manufacture of such structures is performed. The design and technological and operational advantages and disadvantages of composite blades compared to all-metal blades are noted. The load-carrying structures of the composite main rotor blades of a helicopter, as well as the schemes of special joints of the MR blade and the polymer composite materials package are considered. The route scheme for manufacturing of the composite blade of a helicopter is presented. The technological features of manufacturing the composite spar of a blade are analyzed by the methods of lay-up and winding-on. The scheme and route technology for manufacturing the tail section of a blade, including the scheme of lay-up and molding of composite covers and ribs, are presented. The efficiency of the equipment for automatic cutting of the roll prepreg and manual lay-up of the prepreg layers with the help of a laser projector is noted. The technological tasks of special software for lay-up CNC equipment are given. The technological transitions of the general assembly-bonding of a helicopter composite blade in the assembly jig are presented. Recommendations are given on the method of manufacturing a monoblock lifting surfaces of type of a wing, tail pylon and helicopter stabilizer from polymer composite materials using automated winding-on. A scheme of surface reinforcement is proposed. It allows to obtain a variable wall thickness from the root rib to the end rib. The trajectories of movement of the working bodies of a three-coordinate CNC winding machine for their implementation are determined. A variant of a computer simulation of the stages of lay-up of a reinforcing tape on a technological mandrel is shown. The technology of manufacturing a low aspect wing made of polymer composite materials by the method of automated winding is presented.