«Сакральный шум и светская тишина»: навершия раннескифского времени в погребальном контексте

Abstract

This paper deals with the analysis of the role of pole-tops in Early Scythian burial practices. All archaeological finds from Eastern and Central Europe are systematized. Eight groups of burial complexes have been distinguished based on the analysis of a site type, body positioning and grave goods set composition. The pole-tops were most often discovered in the male burials of the nomadic elite with a meridional orientation. The archaeological context of the pole-tops demonstrates the relationships with horse burials and bridle sets, sacrifices, and the southern part of the burial. A strong relationship between the burial mounds of the Central Ciscaucasia and the Dnieper forest-steppe is noticeable, in which iron pole-tops were discovered. They are supposed to have decorated a wagon or chariot. An analysis of the types of zoomorphic images and the number of artifacts indicates that they are grouped by 2, 4, and 6 paired finds. The pole-tops were decorated with figures of bird and deer most often. The acoustic characteristics of the sound element are determined: sound power level, frequency, sound distance, and general pitch.