Патогенетические и клинико-функциональные параллели формирования когнитивных расстройств при хронических риносинуситах

Abstract

Introduction. In the context of optimizing the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis, it is important to study the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of inflammation in the paranasal sinuses and its influence on the development or maintenance of comorbid pathology of other organs and the body as a whole. Objective. To search and systematically analyze publications on the manifestations of comorbid pathology and pathogenetic relationship with the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis. Materials and methods. A literature search has been carried out over the past five years in the Russian Federation and in the world using the databases Medline, PubMed, Scopus, CyberLeninka; the electronic catalog of publishing houses Elsevier, Springer Medicine, Biomed Central, Media Sphera and scientific electronic library elibrary.ru were used. An interdisciplinary approach in the analysis of literature data was based on a single symptom complex of manifestations of chronic rhinosinusitis, combined with manifestations of diseases of organs and body systems that have similar pathogenetic and functional mechanisms. Results. The results of the analysis of the presented scientific studies are systematized in accordance with the identified commonality of pathogenetic, microbiological, immunological, and clinical characteristics of chronic rhinosinusitis. A comprehensive assessment of scientific research data on the interrelated processes of the impact of nasal obstruction on cognitive impairment and lifestyle confirmed the regulatory role of the limbic and autonomic nervous systems in understanding the commonality of pathogenetic mechanisms that occur in the identified nosology. Conclusions. A systematic analysis of publications showed the presence of the impact of comorbid manifestations of nasal obstruction in chronic rhinosinusitis on the central parts of the brain with the formation of latent neuroinflammation manifested by cognitive disorders.