АССОРТИМЕНТ ГАЗОННЫХ ТРАВ И СОСТОЯНИЕ ГАЗОНОВ В ОБЪЕКТАХ ОЗЕЛЕНЕНИЯ Г. СТАВРОПОЛЯ

Abstract

In 2019–2021, a study of the species composition and current state of ornamental lawns in two parks, a boulevard and ten public gardens in Stavropol was conducted to evaluate the range of lawns used, their current state and to determine the effectiveness of the management measures taken to improve the quality of lawn coverings. The collected database can be used to make effective economic decisions to optimize the range and increase the ecological and aesthetic value of landscaping objects. The longevity of a lawn depends on the selection of lawn formers adapted to the given soil and climate conditions, capable of producing a high-quality lawn for many years and on proper care. The survey found that lawn grasses of the first and second quality groups were mainly used to create lawn coverings – Poa pratensis L., Festuca rubra L., Lolium perenne L., with Trifolium repens L. subseeds. In most cases, grass mixtures were used to create lawns. Recently, a more drought-resistant species, Festuca arundinacea Schreb, has been used more often as a lawn-forming agent. Most of the surveyed grass stands were rated “satisfactory” and “good” lawn. Stationary irrigation systems have been installed in a number of new landscaping facilities; rolled lawns have been used more often. Among the factors of negative impact on non-irrigated lawns are long dry periods, which led to the burning of lawn grass up to II–IV points, in 2018 – more than 50 days, in 2019 – more than 40 days, in 2020 – more than 60 days. At the same time, they lost their decorative, environmental and sanitary functions. Another negative environmental factor was the shading of lawns by tree crowns, which leads to thinning of the herbage, loss of decorative effect and the formation of dead covers. Additional shading of the lawn grasses was provided by leaf litter which was not removed in time. Almost all lawns had weed species that increased in number with age (clogging 1–3 points, abundance r-3). As a rule, mowing lawns did not destroy perennial weeds, the renewal zones of which were below the cut-off level of the lawn mower. No insect and disease damage to plants was detected. Negative anthropogenic disturbances on the surveyed landscaping objects are trampling, laying trails, dog walking. Lawns are regularly seeded and repaired.