Оценка количества испарившегося вещества с поверхности аварийного пролива нагретой легковоспламеняющейся жидкости

Abstract

Petrochemical and oil refining industries are characterized by the handling of large quantities of flammable liquids in a heated state in the technological processes. An adequate assessment of the consequences of accidental spills and leaks of the heated flammable liquids within the procedure of accident risk analysis requires a correct calculation of the mass of evaporated liquid from the surface of the accidental spill. The process of evaporation of the heated liquids received little attention, both in domestic and foreign literature, which cause the need in the further experimental and numerical studies of this phenomenon. Numerical analysis of the evaporation of heated liquids from the surface of accidental spills was performed. A number of substances are selected for the study (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, cumene), covering a wide range of liquid properties such as molecular weight and boiling point. In the numerical simulation, the heat exchange of the spill with the underlying solid layer was considered. The influence of the spill thickness and the liquid properties on the mass of the evaporated substance is shown. The results of numerical simulation are compared with the results of calculating the evaporated mass without taking into account the cooling of the liquid over time. As a result of a numerical analysis, it was established that calculating the consequences of accidental spills of the heated flammable liquids without taking into account the cooling of the liquid over time can lead to an overestimation of the evaporated mass by several tens of times. The importance of taking into account heat removal during the evaporation of a heated liquid when estimating the evaporated mass is higher, the higher the boiling point of the liquid and the smaller the thickness of the spill. Based on the results of numerical experiments, a generalizing formula was obtained that allows to quickly estimate the mass of evaporated liquid for the considered series of substances.