Abstract
Their drawback can be explained by the high cost and regeneration complexity. That is why the usage of natural sorbents (Tashkiv saponite deposits, Khmelnitsky region). They are able to clean contaminated water from colloidal, molecular and ionic substances. Exploring the specified topic, physicochemical properties of various forms of saponites are studied; the area of their usage is defined. The paste for cleaning contaminated surfaces is developed on their basis. The research results have shown that the most effective method is to use natural saponite. The author of the article advises to conduct preliminary acid activation of clay minerals and modification of its surface multivalent metal salts. Saponite clay granulate is obtained with different time and sintering temperature. Granulation is shown to improve the strength and filtration characteristics of natural sorbents, increasing the filtration rate and the duration of the filter cycle. The influence of the granulation process on the sorption properties of the obtained granulated aluminasilicates is investigated. A detailed hydrocarbon analysis of the A-92 starting gasoline is carried out. The composition of the purified samples of the hydrocarbon mixture is evaluated with gas chromatography using saponite granulate (Octane rating = 94,013 according to the method of research) under static conditions. The structure changes of raw and acid activated saponite clay has been investigated by nitrogen adsorption method and scanning electron microscopy. Established that the porous structure of saponite clay mineral represented by micro-meso porous system with domination of micropores. Acid modification promotes the development of specific surface area (from 47,7 m2/g to 177,9 m2/g) and increase the total volume of pores (from 0,134 cm3/g to 0,201 cm3/g).
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