АНАЛІЗ МОЖЛИВОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ВОДНЕВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ДЛЯ КОМПЕНСАЦІЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ НЕГАРАНТОВАНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ ЕНЕРГІЇ

Abstract

Nowadays, there is an increase in the installed capacity of solar (mainly) and wind energy, which requires additional balancing reserves and requires the improvement of existing and development of new balancing methods. If at the end of 2018 the total capacity of PV and WPP was 1.7 GW (excluding the occupied territories), then at the end of 2020 it increased to 8 GW (including PV of households). Thus, the simultaneous influence of two reinforcing factors affected – a decrease in available control volumes at TPPs and an increase in the need for shunting generation due to increasing uneven daily consumption schedule and increasing volumes of stochastic generation from RES, namely unsecured power stations – PV and WPP. As a result, this created a problem of shortage of shunting generation and led to the need to build new high-shunting capacity, such as using hydrogen technology. Therefore, the article analyzes the problems of electricity that can be solved through the use of hydrogen technologies. The preconditions of occurrence of these problems are investigated and the ways of their overcoming are offered. Many developed countries, such as the United States and China, have a positive experience of using hydrogen technology as a source of electricity. Ukraine has adopted a Roadmap for the development of hydrogen energy for the period up to 2035 to ensure the use of hydrogen as an environmentally friendly energy source. Therefore, the article discusses in detail the methods of obtaining hydrogen fuel. The variety of methods for producing hydrogen is one of the main advantages of hydrogen energy, as it increases energy security and reduces dependence on certain types of raw materials. These include: steam conversion of methane and natural gas, coal gasification, water electrolysis, pyrolysis, partial oxidation, biotechnology. The article proposes a schematic diagram of a combined power plant of low power, containing a battery of fuel cells, wind turbine, cell, receiver. This installation can be used as an autonomous power source.