Клинико-эпидемиологические особенности геморрагической лихорадки с почечным синдромом в Забайкальском крае

Abstract

Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a natural focal zoonotic infection endemic to certain regions of the Russian Federation. Lack of experience and alertness among clinicians in diagnosing this infection, given the absence of active natural foci in Zabaikalsky Krai and the polymorphism of clinical manifestations, led to diagnostic errors and misdiagnoses. A total of six patients (male) from the same epidemic focus area (a shift camp in a forest area) were diagnosed with acute respiratory disease, pneumonia, pleurisy and pyelonephritis when they sought medical help between September and November. The diseases were mild to moderate and characterised by fever, intoxication, cathartic-respiratory and haemorrhagic manifestations, lung damage and decreased diuresis. Th e correct diagnosis of HFRS was only established through retrospective epidemiological analysis using the serological method. Due to clinical thinking and certain alertness to HFRS, the correct diagnosis was only established for two patients. The second case ended being fatal due to rapid development of a severe complication. Comprehensive analysis of the clinical and epidemiological data of the cases presented in the paper enables the clinicians to perform provisional diagnosis correctly and to administer the necessary laboratory tests in order to confirm the diagnosis of HFRS