ГРАНТОВА ПІДТРИМКА МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ З МІГРАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ ПІД ЧАС ВІЙНИ

Abstract

The article examines the main grant instruments for supporting Ukraine in war conditions from the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The key priorities of the IOM in Ukraine since the time when PrIOM began working in Kyiv in 1996, when Ukraine received the status of an observer country at the IOM, are demonstrated. It was emphasized that since the beginning of the Russian aggression in 2014, PrMOM began to pay special attention to the problems of IDPs and other categories of persons affected by the conflict and to conduct work in the following areas: employment, micro-entrepreneurship and self-employment of IDPs and persons affected by the conflict; development of social infrastructure in resettlement and return zones, as well as support for the stabilization of communities affected by the conflict in Donbas; cash assistance to IDPs; national hotline for IDPs. The list of programs of monetary and non-monetary grant assistance in war conditions for representatives of micro and small businesses is given. The main benefits that IDPs and war-affected people receive from the use of grant instruments are outlined. It was emphasized that grant programs from IOM are a significant support for business, in particular, with grant funds, representatives of micro and small businesses have the opportunity to: purchase specialized equipment, tools needed for production/processing and other enterprise activities; renting premises; repair or arrangement of premises; creation of additional jobs; purchase of raw materials for the production process; transportation of equipment/personnel; export development (licensing, permits, search for new foreign markets, etc.); other measures necessary for adaptation in wartime. It is noted that Ukrainians do not use it too actively. The main reasons for this were identified: low awareness of the possibility and prospects of attracting grant resources, inability to work with donors, distrust of Ukrainians in the support of international organizations, inability to receive a grant from IOM again, somewhat limited geography of interests of IOM, which in various competitions is represented by several regions, grant IOM resources are not available to medium-sized businesses. Under the conditions of overcoming these barriers, internally displaced persons and people affected by the war have the opportunity to fully experience the socio-economic effect of attracting grant aid from IOM.