ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ И БИОДЕГРАДАЦИЯ ПОДСЫРНОЙ СЫВОРОТКИ ПРИ ЕЕ ПЕРЕРАБОТКЕ В БИОГАЗ

Abstract

Utilization of cheese whey is an actual problem of the dairy industry all over the world. The production of food and feed based on it is low-profit and not acceptable for every enterprise. About half of the nutrients in milk pass into whey, so it can become a valuable energy resource - used, for example, as a substrate for biogas production. However, some researchers note that when processed in a biogas plant, a high content of acidic whey can slow down or completely block the process of biogas synthesis due to the low pH value. In our experiment, monofermentation of acidic cheese whey was carried out, and no such negative phenomena were observed. This may be due to the features of the inoculum used in the experiment. The substrate showed high productivity: the specific yield of biogas was 723.65±18.60 ml/g dm, the specific yield of methane was 379.12±11.55 ml/g dm. Thus, about 17.69 m3 of methane can be produced from 1 ton of acid cheese whey, the combustion of which generates 72.33 kW of electrical energy and 74.09 kW of thermal energy. The sale of this amount of electricity to the grid will make it possible to receive 643.73 rubles. Utilization of cheese whey for a biogas station is beneficial: this substrate has a high energy potential, and the price for its disposal is quite high. From an environmental point of view, an important indicator is the degree of biodegradation of the waste. In the reactor of a laboratory biogas plant, the degree of degradation of acid cheese whey, excluding inorganic carbon dissolved in the liquid fraction, was 41.42%.