АДАПТИВНОСТЬ СОРТОВ КАРТОФЕЛЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ СЕРЫХ ЛЕСНЫХ СРЕДНЕСУГЛИНИСТЫХ ПОЧВ КАЛУЖСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Abstract

The article proves the need of carrying out researches on the adaptability of potatoes grades in the conditions of gray forest soils in the region. It is shown that efficiently it is possible to use a grade, only having information on its adaptive ability - the major property which accounting has to cause the greatest compliance between a genotype and environmental conditions. Development of scientifically based recommendations about perfecting of elements of technology of cultivation by a path of rational selection of the grades of potatoes combining high efficiency with ecological adaptability and resistance to adverse factors of the external environment was the purpose of researches. method of scientific work - field experiment. Researches are conducted in 2014-2018 on the FGBNU field base Kaluga NISH. Work is carried out according to A technique of researches on the culture of potatoes (M., 1967). Technology of cultivation of culture - traditional with row-spacings of 70 cm. The coefficient of adaptability (KA) determined by the attitude of efficiency of a grade towards srednesortovy efficiency of year was carried out by L.A. Zhivotkov's technique, etc. Data on efficiency and adaptability of 25 grades of potatoes of domestic and foreign selection of early, sredneranny and mid-season groups of ripeness are provided in article. The obtained data allowed to reveal the high-yielding grades which are characterized the external environment raised by resistance to various adverse factors that finds the expression in adaptability coefficient higher than unit. On coefficient of adaptability of a grade were located in the following order: early ripe - Good luck (1.27), (1.26), Aroza (1.02); sredneranny-the Madam (1.26), Ryabinushka (1.1), the Joy (1.08), Ilyinsky, Santa (1.02), Gala (1.0); mid-season - Kolobok (1.21), Irbitsky (1.15), the Miracle (1.02). The listed set of grades is relevant for cultivation in the conditions of gray forest the srednesuglinistykh of soils of the region.