ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЙ СКРИНИНГ СОРТОВ ДОННИКА БЕЛОГО ОДНОЛЕТНЕГО ПО УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К СОЛЕВОМУ СТРЕССУ

Abstract

The purpose of the research was to laboratory diagnostics of the resistance of released varieties of white sweet clover to chloride salinization in the juvenile stage of development based on the assessment of the variability of the morphometric parameters of seedlings. The object of the study was the varieties of annual white sweet clover, bred by the Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Povolzhsky, Srednevolzhsky and Zavolzhsky. To determine the salt tolerance of sweet clover varieties, the method of seed germination in sodium chloride solutions was used. It has been established that chloride salinization significantly reduces the germination of sweet clover seeds at a test solution concentration of 0.25 mol/l. With an increase in NaCl concentration to 0.30 mol/l in the studied varieties, the number of germinated seeds decreased by 80.2–85.9% relative to the control variant. In terms of seed germination under the influence of a stress factor, the Povolzhsky variety stood out, the Zavolzhsky variety was noted as the most resistant to the negative effects of a high degree of salinity. With chloride salinity of 0.10; 0.15 and 0.20 mol/l variety Povolzhsky provided the best morphometric parameters of seedlings. The level of growth processes at the maximum level of salinity (0.25 and 0.30 mol/l) in Zavolzhsky variety was the highest. The use of the method of laboratory assessment of salt tolerance by seed germination in saline solutions made it possible to differentiate the studied varieties of annual white sweet clover in terms of sensitivity to the impact of a stress factor at the initial stages of ontogenesis. Taking into account the high field productivity and ecological plasticity of the studied varieties, they can be recommended for use as a source material in breeding programs to create highly productive varieties resistant to chloride salinity.