СВІТОВИЙ ДОСВІД ТА ЧИННИКИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЕКСПОРТООРІЄНТОВАНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТУ НАУКОВОГО ПРОГРЕСУ

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to identify the essence of export-oriented enterprises’ development on macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. There are several reasons that limit companies' exports, among them: technological backwardness of industrial production, physical and moral depreciation of fixed assets, lack of modern scientific and technical base, low quality of products and much more. These reasons narrow the export opportunities of domestic enterprises and hinder the development of their export potential, affect the world market and the demand for traditionally exported goods. All this requires export development, namely the development of export-oriented industries and their diversification. The desire of domestic producers to export products to foreign countries, associated with the possibility of making a profit in foreign currency, which ensures the preservation of income in conditions of instability of the national currency. The transformation of the external environment of enterprises in the direction of increasing the weight of export activity emphasizes the necessity to identify it as a key driver of economic growth of the country as a whole, which requires deep research. The essence of the concept of export-oriented economic development and export-oriented enterprise development is considered in the article. The role and importance of export for the country's economic growth are substantiated. Various export-oriented models of development of the countries of the world are considered, by means of critical analysis the world leaders of export of goods and services and determinants of their success in the world market are determined. The priorities of development of export-oriented enterprises, as well as the role of the state in the activation of this process are determined. Stimulation of export orientation includes institutional transformations in the economy, creation of financial institutions, without which it is impossible to effectively export and develop export production, improve the banking system, develop transport and communications and other aspects that provide external effect for export activities.