К вопросу обеспечения безопасности труда при проектировании технологии подземной добычи руд

Abstract

The article is devoted to the issue of optimizing the operating mode of a mining enterprise according to the criterion of improving the safety of miners in the development of an ore deposit by an underground method. The problems of mining production solved at the design stage of mining enterprises are designated as derivatives of the efficiency function depending on the performance of the system, the total costs of development and operation, the amount of damage due to unreliability, time, etc. It is shown that one of the methods for optimizing the design support of mining operations is the modeling of the main mining processes. The purpose of the study is formulated as detailing the concept of ensuring occupational safety when engaging in the production of substandard metal-containing mineral raw materials. It is noted that the underground mines are among the most complex objects for which it is advisable to use multi-variant design with step-by-step optimization of intermediate design solutions. The extraction of mineral raw materials is characterized by an increase in volumes and accumulation of aggressive processing waste with a dangerous impact on the environment. It is noted that technogenic deposits are formed without considering the subsequent use of tailings, for example, storage with the creation of geochemical barriers. A new area of metal leaching into a disintegrator was proposed, which allows to produce products from substandard raw materials with less energy consumption. The characteristic of innovations in mining is given. A mathematical model is recommended that allows considering the features of technologies taking into account the costs of ensuring the safety of employees. It is concluded that the optimization of mining production is characterized by the extraction of metals using technologies with a combined mechanochemical effect.