АНАЛІЗ МОЖЛИВОСТІ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ЛЕГКОГО ОДНОГВИНТОВОГО ВЕРТОЛЬОТА ШЛЯХОМ ЗАМІНИ РУЛЬОВОГО ГВИНТА ФЕНЕСТРОНОМ

Abstract

Possibility of replacement of steering screw of helicopter is considered on fenestron. Application of fenestroninstead of steering screw conduces also to simplification of construction of row of aggregates. Diameter of screw of fenestronsubstantially less diameter of ordinary steering screw and protected by a protection as a hard ring. In this connection there is not a necessity for the fracture of tail beam for the creation required by landing terms, distance between the ends of blades of ordinary steering screw and by a terrene. It eliminates setting of intermediate reducing gear. Lateral force of fenestron unlike a steering screw passes practically athwart to the longitudinal main axis of inertia of helicopter and does not twist up a tail beam, and also does not create a tipping moment on the axial modes. However fenestron have defects. System of drive and management of screw in a ring more difficult as compared to steering spirally. Expenses of power for fenestron on the mode of hanging and axial moving more than for a steering screw. It is explained by the less diameter of screw in a ring, that reduces relative КПД. On the modes of the slanting flowing around with the height of speed of advantage of fenestron together with a keel, having an initial corner options more considerable, than ordinary steering screw. Because horizontal flight for helicopters is the basic mode, then on the whole there is a less than expense of power for fenestron as compared to steering spirally. Calculations of fenestron of easy single-rotor helicopter 3800 kg showed flight mass, that power on the drive of fenestron on the mode of hanging more power of steering screw is on 20%. Promoting efficiency of fenestron on the mode of hanging is possible, increasing the radius of screw of fenestron, shoulder of fenestron in relation to the centre of gravity of helicopter, and also promoting circuitous speed of screw of fenestron. Thus, application of fenestron instead of steering screw improves descriptions of helicopter and promotes his efficiency. But on the mode of hanging large power will be required. Such increase of power on the mode of hanging is observed at existent helicopters with fenestron.