Физическое развитие новорожденных, родившихся от матерей с различными нарушениями углеводного обмена

Abstract

Introduction: Every year, 50-150 thousand babies are born to mothers with diabetes. Currently, there is no doubt that the condition of newborns born in mothers with diabetes requires special attention because of the increased risk of developing diseases of the respiratory tract, cardiovascular system, brain, kidneys etc. Purpose: Evaluation of various types of diabetes during pregnancy in mothers influence at the physical development of newborn children. Materials and methods: 350 full-term babies from mothers with diabetes mellitus, which was born at the N. E. Bauman Hospital which is specialized in the management of such pregnant women. Assessment of the physical development of children was carried out according to WHO standards (2006) using the WHO Anthro program. Comparative analysis of indicators of children in different groups using Student t-criterion. We used the program Statistica 10. Results: The body mass of 350 examined newborns varied within 1590-4710 g, on average, amounted to 3421.1 ± 543.99 g. There were 67 (19.1%) children who had a body weight less than 3000g and 46 (13.1%) more than 4000 g. Growth values of 350 newborns ranged from 40-57 cm, on average, amounted to 51.21 ± 2.54 cm. We analyzed the indicators of physical development of children in all groups depending on gender. We carried out a comparative analysis of the parameters of body mass (m), body length (H), BMI and the ratio of body mass to body length in the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: children born to mothers with various types of diabetes have a higher height, weight to body length ratio, WAZ and HAZ indicators than newborns from mothers with normal glycemia. The weight and height of newborns in the groups of GDM and DM-2 did not differ significantly among themselves. The shortest and most lightweight children are born to mothers with type 1 diabetes,