Ефективність інсектицидів проти основних фітофагів картоплі за дощування та краплинного зрошення

Abstract

The article summarizes the results of determining the effectiveness of insecticides against the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) and aphids (Aphididae) with various methods of their application. Tests of a wide range of drugs with different active substances have provided high rates of stored yield in the system of potatoes’ protection. The investigated preptns showed a high level of protection against damage of plants by the Colorado potato beetle, when processing potato tubers. So, the effectiveness of the Prestige insecticides, 290 FS, Emesto Quantum 273,5 FS and Celest Top 312,5 FS, in the phase of active growth of the culture was 91,2-97,6%, and the duration of the protective effect was much longer than in Cruiser 350 FS, l.s.c, where the death rate was 86,1%. The predominant method of insecticidal treatments is the spraying of the aerial parts of plants during the growing season, as a rule, during the period of mass revival and development of Colorado potato beetle larvae. The greatest efficacy of insecticides on day 3 was noted on the options with the introduction of Confidor, 20% w.s.c., Calypso, 48% s.c. and Enzhio, 24,7% s.c., respectively 99,5%, 99,2% and 99,3%. The largest decrease in the number and population of potato plant aphids was noted with the use of the sample Enzhio, 24,7% s.c. at the recommended consumption rate – 98,2%. Along with this, other methods of insecticides’ applications are being developed and improved, in particular, the introduction of preps with drip irrigation. The effectiveness of the insecticides Enzhio, 24,7% s.c., Confidor, 20% w.s.c., was on par with Calypso, 48% s.c. The lowest protection observed in the areas of Actara’s, 24% c.p. application. In a field assessment of the insecticide’ use against aphids on a drip irrigation, it was noted that, with the usage of the Enzhio, 24,7% s.c., the efficiency was 99,4%. The use of other insecticides also contributed to a decrease in the population of potato plants by insect-pests and provided high protection at the level of 93,1-95,4%. Accordingly, the yield of potato tubers with the application of Enzhio, 24.7% s.c. was maximum and amounted to 29,7 t/ha.