Тема родины в миниатюрах А.И. Солженицына и Ю.В. Бондарева

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to examine the originality of understanding one of the central themes of the Russian literature – the theme of the Motherland – in the short stories of A.I. Solzhenitsyn and Yu.V. Bondarev. The main research methods are comparative-historical and structural-typological. In connection with the analysis of short stories of Solzhenitsyn’s and Bondarev’s the article emphasizes the key features of the short stories as a genre, defines the main directions of the analysis of the short stories of these writers in school classes of Literature, identifies the points of ideological and conceptual relation and repulsion in the perception of the theme of the Motherland in the short stories of Solzhenitsyn’s and Bondarev’s. The analysis of Solzhenitsyn’s short stories allows us to identify their semantic and emotional dominants. This is the admiration for the beauty of the Russian nature, which gives the heroes of short stories a sense of happiness, harmony and unity with the world; love and an indissoluble connection with the Motherland; the writer’s anxiety about her destiny; reproach to the contemporaries who participate in the destruction of the old days; faith in the spiritual revival of Russia. Bondarev’s characters are also amazed by the richness and diversity of the beauty of their native nature, and they watch the destruction of historical and cultural monuments of the past with a heavy heart. But, unlike Solzhenitsyn’s characters, they feel their personal guilt and responsibility for the future of their Motherland. Thus, the patriotic idea, the pain for the fate of the Motherland, the belief in the spiritual renewal and transformation of the Russian life are vividly embodied in the short stories and conceptually bring together the positions of Solzhenitsyn’s and Bondarev’s. Both writers associate their hopes for saving the Motherland with her return to the traditional system of values of the Russian World.