Abstract
The aim of this research was to reveal the cardioprotective properties of food concentrate polyphenols grapes during experimental hypobaric hypoxia. The study was conducted on mature male Wistar rats (n = 25) aged 1-1.5 months divided into three experimental groups. In the I (control) group 0,9% NaCl solution was administered intragastrically to intact animals. Hypobaric cold hypoxia was modeled for rats of groups II and III once a day for 30 days. Animals III series 30 minutes before hypoxia intragastrically through a tube were injected an aqueous solution of «Fenokor» containing grape polyphenols. In rats of II group without correction there was an unreliable decrease in heart mass by 8.71%, a decrease in the diameter of cardiomyocytes by 20.3% was accompanied by a decrease in their concentration in 1 mg of myocardium. Accelerated compensatory physiological growth of cardiomyocytes in animals of group III caused a slight decrease in the diameter of a number of cardiomyocytes by 3.75% with almost no decrease in their concentration, that mostly preserved of the total number of cardiomyocytes in the heart by the end of the experiment. Hypertrophic growth of the number of cardiomyocytes is caused by the end of the experiment statistically nonsignificant compensatory increase in the mass of the heart. Thus, the main morphological signs of hypoxic myocardial damage in young rats were presented by the phenomena of mixed dystrophy, edema and destruction of contractile cardiomyocytes, lysis of myofibrils and mitochondrial cristae, contracture changes. The administration of «Fenokor» demonstarated its cytoprotective properties, contributed to the preservation of myocardial structure of rats exposed to hypobaric hypoxia.
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