융설과 토양의 동결-융해 과정을 고려한 겨울철 토양온도의 시공간 분포 모의

Abstract

Soil temperature is one of the most important environmental factors that govern hydrological and biogeochemical processes related to diffuse pollution. In this study, considering the snowmelting and the soil freezing-thawing processes, a set of computer codes to estimate winter soil temperature has been developed for CAMEL(Chemicals, Agricultural Management and Erosion Losses), a distributed watershed model. The model was calibrated and validated against the field measurements for three months at 4 sites across the study catchment in a rural area of Yeoju, Korea. The degree of agreement between the simulated and the observed soil temperature is good for the soil surface(R2 0.71∼0.95, RMSE 0.89～1.49℃). As for the subsurface soils, however, the simulation results are not as good as for the soil surface(R2 0.51～0.97, RMSE 0.51～5.08℃) which is considered resulting from vertically-homogeneous soil textures assumed in the model. The model well simulates the blanket effect of snowpack and the latent heat flux in the soil freezing-thawing processes. Although there is some discrepancy between the simulated and the observed soil temperature due to limitations of the model structure and the lack of data, the model reasonably well simulates the temporal and spatial distributions of the soil temperature and the snow water equivalent in accordance with the land uses and the topography of the study catchment.