ЗАСОБИ ПСИХОЛОГІЗМУ В ТВОРІ ІНТЕРНОВАНОГО ВОЯКА ГРИЦЯ БОЖКА «УКРАЇНЦІ В ЄГИПТІ»

Abstract

In the current period of the globalization processes of the XXI century it is important to be aware of the exter- nal orientations and national priorities of Ukraine in the world scene. That presents a significant challenge, which depends on the state’s ability to implement its national, cultural, ethnic interests and needs, which are its motive power, and to pre- serve a set of values, symbols and customs to guarantee peace and safety and contribute to development and improvement as well as to be prepared for holding out against threats of external in internal confrontation, separation, identity crisis, political and religious instability. Therefore it is topical to study the works which help gain an understanding of historical truth and get to know the national ethnogenepool of Ukrainians better, which is the basis of their socio-political experience. Applying that approach to the little-known travelogue “Ukrainians in Egypt” by a Ukrainian political emigrant Hryts Bozhok the author of the article has developed a literary critical, historical and cultural understanding of the work concern- ing travels to the Near Eat which have not been thoroughly studied yet in Ukrainian humanistic sciences. The means of psy- chologism (the author’s characterization, diary notes, self-esteem, duality, portrait, detail, language, memories, scenery) are considered in the article. They show the psychophysiology of the character of a military internee who had to stay in a closed foreign place and who was worried about those times’ issues of a nation creation as well as general spiritual ones. In the essay the controversial topic of a political emigration in the history of Ukrainian society at the beginning of the XX century is raised. The subject of artistic generalization of belles non-fiction is the historical time of that period which was perceived by the character during forced travels when Ukraine was a fighting platform of different political forces: Denikins, Petliuras, Makhnos, Red Army men. Unordinary events were reflected in the character’s existence, in his memory. The mem- ory is a basis of the national identity and national consciousness, therefore such works by emigrants are a part of Ukrainian ethnic literary tradition and help understand its historical course through the prism of modern times. This information also contributes to better understanding of the process of the recent historical experience in Ukrainian state creation.