Императорская охота в Крыму как начало природоохранной деятельности в России (конец XIX – начало XX века)

Abstract

Relevance. After the return of Crimea to Russia, a new phase of protection system reorganization of the of natural sensitive areas at the peninsula began on the background of permanently increasing recreational load on ecological objects. In this regard, there is a need to trace the historic process of environment protection in Crimea and to analyze its state at the initial stage. Purpose. coverage and specific historical analysis of the process of origin and process of environmental pro-tection trend in Russia on the example of one of the region unique in natural and historical respect - the Crimean pen-insula. Objectives: to assess the complex and long process of the nature conservation and environmental protection in Russia and the Crimea and to recall for ecology science the forgotten names of the pioneers of environment con-servation, scientists, administrators who have made a great contribution to environment protection. Methodology. A system of general and special scientific methods of historical research were applied: historical-comparative, historical-systemic, structural, factorial, sociological ones. Results. The article discusses issues associated with history of the Tsarist Hunting in Crimea (end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century). The measures taken by the tsarist administration to protect forests and control hunting in the Taurida province are analyzed. The prerequisites for initiation and process of the Tsarist Hunting on the peninsula have been studied. Trends of environment protection and establishment of the Crimean National Wildlife Reserve were revealed based on archival documents. Study of this topic contributes to deeper understanding of the specifics of such concepts as "environment protection" and "nature reserve mаnagement" in the Crimean region. Conclusion. The Tsarist Hunting in Crimea contributed to robust infrustructural and scientific base used for es-tablishment here the Crimean National Wildlife Reserve, one of the first of its kind in Russia, in summer of 1917.