ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СТИЛІСТИЧНОГО ВИРІШЕННЯ ВХІДНИХ ДЕРЕВ’ЯНИХ БРАМ У ЖИТЛОВИХ БУДИНКАХ КІН. XIX–ПОЧ. XX СТ. У ЛЬВОВІ

Abstract

The problem of research and preservation of architectural heritage is more relevant than ever in Ukraine today. This problem is exacerbated under the influence of modern unstable socio-political processes and possible risks associated with the threat of military aggression from the Russian Federation. Therefore, the historical site of the city of Lviv, the oldest part of which is included in the UNESCO world heritage, needs increased attention and security measures from the authorities, the public and the scientific community. Door and window fillings need special protection, as the materials they are made of, namely wood, metal and glass, are short-lived, which emphasizes the relevance of this research. The Secession period in the art and architecture of Lviv was studied by many scientists, architects and art critics, among whom Yuriy Biryulyov is considered the main researcher in this topic. The purpose of the study is to determine the stylistic features of the solution of the entrance wooden doors in residential buildings built in the period between the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. in Lviv. The study of the stylistic features of the gates was carried out using the methods of compositional analysis (Idak, 2011), which included, in particular, the analysis of the compositional scheme of the doors (grid of axes: first, second and third order), analysis of the placement and shape of light openings (slit openings), analysis of placement, the configuration and nature of the decorative elements that decorate the door, as well as the analysis of the ratio of the proportions of the main elements of the door to the human scale. After that, the study conducted a comparative analysis of the selected doors, on the basis of which common and distinctive characteristics were determined. Based on this, as well as based on the works of researchers of Lviv architecture, the characteristic features of the Secession style were formulated, which were used by craftsmen on Lviv gates made of wood in the Kin period. 19-beginning 20th century.