Abstract
The article assesses the state of freshwater ichthyofauna of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain (VAP) in the modern period. A retrospective analysis of the dynamics of the composition of the ichthyofauna of the floodplain under the influence of different fishing regimes was carried out. The increasing role of amateur fishing in this process has been defined. There has been defined the orientation of changes including increasing pressure on the most valuable fish species (perch, brim, pike perch, sazan and perch), unstable hydrological regime of the Lower Volga during the repro-duction period, growth of illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, etc. The values of the qualitative and quantitative composition of net catches of fish are given. The extrapolation method assuming 
 a uniform distribution of the ichthyofauna calculated the commercial stock of freshwater ichthyofauna of the floodplain. It has been noted that in the stock structure of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain there dominate the typical river species, more than 50% of which are presented by bream, crucian carp, sabrefish and blue bream. In the context of the limited extraction (catch) of aquatic biological resources by industrial fisheries, the commercial stock of semi-migratory and river fish in the Volga-Caspian and North Caspian fishery subareas due to the unaccounted stocks of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain can be increased by 10%, and for such fish as pike perch – by 13%, crucian carp – by 15%, silver breeds, bersh, silver carp and grass carp – by 50%, zope and sabrefish – by 100%, roach – by 200%. The commercial stock is currently being developed by amateur fishing, the volumes of which do not undermine the reproductive potential of the freshwater ichthyofauna of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain.
Highlights
The article assesses the state of freshwater ichthyofauna of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain (VAP) in the modern period
The extrapolation method assuming a uniform distribution of the ichthyofauna calculated the commercial stock of freshwater ichthyofauna of the floodplain
It has been noted that in the stock structure of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain there dominate the typical river species, more than 50% of which are presented by bream, crucian carp, sabrefish and blue bream
Summary
Причинами стагнации и низкой численности промысловых видов рыб в современный период является нестабильный гидрологический режим Нижней Волги в период воспроизводства, а также масштабы незаконного, несообщаемого и нерегулируемого промысла и т. д. Д. В данной работе рассматриваются запасы пресноводной ихтиофауны Волго-Ахтубинской поймы, их структура и современный уровень эксплуатации рыболовством. Оценка абсолютной численности популяций промысловых видов рыб в Волго-Ахтубинской пойме выполнена по результатам учетных сетных съемок с использованием среднего улова за сетепостановку, площади распространения и т. Д. В настоящее время эксплуатация водных биоресурсов поймы осуществляется фактически только со стороны любительского рыболовства. Т водных биоресурсов, основу которых в уловах составляют наиболее ценные виды рыб (щука, сом, сазан, судак, берш), запасы которых в настоящее время неустойчивы [3, 4]. Уловы промышленного рыболовства в Волго-Ахтубинской пойме, на фоне общих уловов Астраханской области в целом, незначительны и базируются на облове водных объектов в самой пойме Промышленный вылов рыб на водных объектах Волго-Ахтубинской поймы осуществлялся четырьмя организациями, ими было добыто всего 181 т водных биоресурсов. Промышленный вылов воблы и сома во внутренних водоемах поймы в 2019 г. не зафиксирован (рис. 2)
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