Abstract
The present publication is the first of four reviews of reports that have been published over the last 20 years to address the responses of arboreal plants at different hierarchical levels of their organization to anthropogenic factors. The publication covers the effects of different kinds of industrial pollution on macro- and micromorphology of broad and acerose leaves. The specific and nonspecific responses of arboreal plants to the same factor or to different factors, including smokes and toxicants, are differentiated. The adaptive responses within a single leaf or needle may be relatively independent from each other despite the integrity of these plant organs. The causes of such diverse reactions, which ensure the adaptive potential of plants, are discussed with account for the multiplicity of biological functions required for maintaining plant tolerance to anthropogenic impacts.
Highlights
Это вторая часть обзора работ по изучению адаптивных реакций древесных растений на техногенные изменения среды
Considered are the specific and nonspecific changes at the levels of water metabolism and pigment complex occurring in different species in response both to a particular anthropogenic factor and to different impacts, including mimicking of stressor conditions in experiments where dosed levels of toxicants were introduced into the environment
Discussed is the absence of direct relationships between the physiological parameters used to calculate the tolerance index, which proved to be an inconsistent measure and to reflect loosely the sensitivity of physiological processes to pollution levels
Summary
Это вторая часть обзора работ по изучению адаптивных реакций древесных растений на техногенные изменения среды. Рассмотрены научные публикации, в которых описаны физиологические реакции ассимиляционного аппарата древесных растений. Рассмотрены специфические и неспецифические реакции различных древесных видов на уровнях водного обмена и пигментного комплекса как на один и тот же техногенный фактор, так и на разные виды воздействия, включая имитацию стрессовых условий в экспериментах с дозированным внесением токсикантов в среду. The adaptive responses of leaves and needles appear relatively independent from each other despite the integrity of these organs. The causes of such diverse responses at the base of the adaptive potential and tolerance of woody plant species to anthropogenic impacts are discussed
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