Урядові кабінети в контексті функціонування атипових напівпрезидентських систем правління в Білорусі (1996–2018) та Казахстані (1995–2018).

Abstract

In modern Political Science, researchers distinguish both typical and atypical semi-presidential systems of government. However, atypical semi-presidentialism in the Post-Soviet countries still requires a detailed analysis in Political Science. In this cut, the purpose of the article is to determine the types of governmental cabinets in atypical semi-presidential systems of government on the example of Belarus (in 1996–2018) and Kazakhstan (in 1995–2018). This purpose was solved in the situation when new institutionalism and its types/paradigms were chosen as a theoretical and methodological basis of the research. The main method of the study is the method of comparative analysis.The peculiarities of the parliamentary votes of no confidence in governmental cabinets in Belarus (1996–2018) and Kazakhstan (1995–2018) demonstrate the atypicality of semi-presidential (constitutional) systems of government in these countries. The author determined the types of governmental cabinets in atypical semi-presidential systems of government in Belarus (1996–2018) and Kazakhstan (1995–2018). Consequently, it is argued that all governmental cabinets in both countries are classified as: 1) those formed by president for the formation method; 2) technocratic for the type of composition; 3) non-partisan for the type of technocratic cabinets. It is proved that all governmental cabinets for their parliamentary support are determined: in Belarus (1996–2018) as cabinets supported by non-partisan majority supplemented by partisan deputies; in Kazakhstan (1995–1997) as cabinet supported by single-party minority supplemented by non-partisan deputies; in Kazakhstan (1997–2007) as cabinets supported by coalition majority supplemented by non-partisan deputies; in Kazakhstan (2007–2018) as cabinets supported by single-party majority supplemented by non-partisan deputies. The author determined that the presidents of the analyzed countries were the initiators of governmental cabinets’ resignations in Belarus (in 1996–2018) and Kazakhstan (in 1995–2018).