Деінституціоналізація корпоратизму в радянській економіці та її наслідки для економіки сучасної України

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the Soviet period of Ukraine’s economy, in particular the transformation of institutions in the absence of Ukrainian statehood. The subject of the study is corporatism as a mechanism for coordinating and implementing the interests of the state, society and business in different economic systems: the command-administrative and market ones. The aim of the article is to identify the main factors of the deinstitutionalization of corporatism in the Soviet economy and to clarify their impact on the modern economy of Ukraine. General scientific methods of interdisciplinary research, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction and a systemic approach are used in generalizing economic trends and determining cause-and-effect relationships. It is argued that the ideology of Bolshevism was the basis for changing the economic system, on whose basis the transformation of economic institutions in the command-administrative economy was carried out. The author reveals the content and mechanisms of the nationalization of the economy, the degeneration of formal institutions of corporatism and their use to restrict economic freedom and suppress civil society, which contradicts the very idea of corporatism as a union of equals. The importance of excluding national interests from economic consciousness and practice is emphasized, as evidenced in particular by the inefficiency of the allocation and use of Ukraine's productive resources. The article established the consequences of the deinstitutionalization of corporatism in the Soviet period for the economy of modern Ukraine, namely: high concentration of property, monopolism, the inability of large industry to self-sustainable development, the lack of concentration of capital in high-tech industries, and the lack of social partnership. The conclusion is made about the replacement of corporatism by bureaucratic corporatism in the Soviet period of Ukrainian history and its further transformation into oligarchic corporatism in the 90s of the 20th century.