Реализация качественного аспекта времени в русском и английском языках в сопоставительном аспекте

Abstract

The aim of the study is to identify the form and content of the qualitative aspect of tense in the Russian and English languages taking into account the topological properties of tense and the relationship between the concepts of subjectivity and processuality. The paper identifies the properties of the verb that allow it to express ideas about real time in the form of grammatical abstraction; analyses the semantics of some verb forms of the Russian and English languages at the level of absolute and relative tense as areas of realisation of the qualitative aspect of tense. Scientific novelty lies in the fact that the role of the verb in the functioning of the present, past and future tenses of the Russian and English languages is determined taking into account the manifestation of its subjectivity/processuality, as well as nominativity as an expression of the sociocultural factor in human thinking. The assessment of temporal representations in both languages is presented in a synchronic and a diachronic aspect, which reveals similarities between the two tense systems at a certain stage of language development. As a result, the researcher has been able to determine the features of the temporal system of the Russian and English languages with respect to the fundamental properties of time and taking into account the ratio of verbal subjectivity and processuality.