ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МИКРОЦИРКУЛЯЦИИ КРОВИ В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕВЕСОМОСТИ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ПОРТАТИВНЫХ ЛАЗЕРНЫХ ДОПЛЕРОВСКИХ ФЛОУМЕТРОВ

Abstract

The paper reports the results of blood microcirculation studies in microgravity using portable laser analyzer LAZMAPF. Two cosmonauts (C-1 and C-2) performed pre-launch and in-flight (9 days) 8-minute sessions with the use of 2 portable flowmeters symmetrically attached to the temporal skin, palmer sides of distal phalanxes III, forearm superficies and planter surfaces of toe distal phalanxes I. In C-1, mean perfusion rate in toes decreased more than in half due to blood redistribution toward the upper body on the first two days in orbit and then, by way of adaptation, regained normal mean values. In C-2, compression of the proximal regions of lower extremities to induce blood deposition caused high-amplitude NO-dependent oscillations at about 1/min. On the background of adaptation during flight days 2–3, high-amplitude endothelial vasomotions in C-1 (one oscillation every 3–4 minutes) can be associated with an endothelial hyperpolarizing factor. In whole, on flight days 2–3 adaptation of the microcirculation system, particularly pronounced in the temporal and planter tissues, was characterized by a significant reduction of perfusion and increased vascular tone. Baseline prelaunch values were regained by flight day 6. For the first time, a research technique was proposed under microgravity conditions and data were obtained on the state of blood microcirculation of astronauts during the period of acute adaptation to microgravity conditions and readaptation after flight completion.