Роль вредителей сахарной свеклы и энтомофагов в агроценозах сахарной свеклы в Азербайджане

Abstract

The studies have been taken in condition of laboratory and in suburbs in 2014–2018. The laboratory experiences have been carried out in the automatic-controlled specific thermostats and in room condition at the Applied Zoology Center of the Institute of Zoology of Azerbaijan NAS. The suburb practices were held in the specific stationary fields, in the agriculture of Imishli and Aghdash in which the sugar beets were planted. As a result of a comprehensive study carried out on stationary fields and adjacent territories, it was determined that 22 species, 18 genera, 4 families from the order Coleoptera, 5 species, 5 genera, 3 families from the order Hemiptera, 8 species, 7 genera, 3 families from the order Orthoptera, 1 species, 1 genus, 1 family from the order Diptera, 12 species, 8 genera, 4 families from the order Lepidoptera live in the beetroot agrocenosis at different times of the year and are subject to subsistence farming. Of the species found in agrocenoses, 33 are periodically observed and do not cause economic damage to farms, 11 are permanent and can cause serious damage during massive growth. Six species (Bothynoderes punctiventris, Chaetocnema concinna, Ch. breviuscula, Aphis fabae, Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, Agrotis segetum) were permanent residents of the agrocenosis. Each year, they seriously reduce productivity. It is known that there are a part of pests having a place to diverse groups which harm plants and decrease performance in sugar beet agrocenosis. Entomophages regulate the number of pests and prevent their massive growth in sugar beet agrocenosis. Entomophages such as predator ground beetles, rove beetles, spiders and predator ticks, which are spread in sugar beet agrocenosis, are polyphages, therefore during the vegetation of plant they are nourished by pests and have important economic importance for the agrocenosis. As a result, almost all activities of the polyphage entomophages in the agrocenosis are practically valuable. Thus, they are closely involved in regulating the number of insect pests in the sugar beet fields and minimizing their harmful activities.