ОКТ-ДИАГНОСТИКА ОТЕКА ЗРИТЕЛЬНОГО НЕРВА В КОСМИЧЕСКОМ ПОЛЕТЕ. АНАЛИЗ ТОЛЩИНЫ ПЕРИПАПИЛЛЯРНОЙ СЕТЧАТКИ

Abstract

In-flight analysis of 20 eyes (10 cosmonauts) was possible owing to the kindly granted fundus photos, multicolor images, HRA- and ОCТ-images made on optical coherent tomographs Spectralis I and II onboard the International space station (ISS). Ophtalmoscopic examinations diagnosed papilledemas graded stages II and III on the L. Frisen scale (4 eyes, 20.0 %). Mean retinal thickness and volume were determined using the Thickness Map protocols. Quantified were Bruch membrane, maximal retinal thickness in the temporal and nasal optic nerve disk (OND), and lateral papilledema sizes. The Bruch membrane was used to detect the OND center and to correct circle alignment in the sectors selected for the retinal thickness data analysis. Since papilledemas did not exceed 2.5 mm (2503 µm), mean thickness was measured in the OND center and edges along the circle of 2 mm in diameter. Conventional normal values of the mean temporal thickness within this circle and a circle of 1 mm in diameter in the OND central area vary within a wide range. Dynamic ONL observation in space missions will be credible provided a correct OND alignment with the ocular axis.