Оптимизация перевозок термочувствительных грузов в рефрижераторных контейнерах с применением альтернативных источников энергии

Abstract

Purpose: to consider the main problems of transportation of temperature-sensitive cargoes in refrigerated containers (refcontainers). To show the possibilities of transportation optimization through the introduction of alternative energy sources. Methods: comparison of technical and economic indicators of diesel, hydrogen and hydrogen plants is carried out. The exergetic method of estimating the effect of replacing diesel fuel with LNG was applied. Results: the article defines the peculiarities of cargo transportation in containers with built-in refrigeration units — autonomous refcontainers. Classification of existing energy units for power supply of refcontainers is given. The design of an autonomous installation for power supply of refcontainers is described. Environmentally safe alternatives for providing autonomous power supply of refrigerating units of refrigeration containers are proposed. The advantages of autonomous power supply based on high-temperature fuel cells are presented. An autonomous power unit with liquefied natural gas (LNG) as fuel is described. The feasibility of utilization of cold from LNG regasification is analyzed in order to ensure the stability of refcontainer operation. The estimation of the expected effect from the use of alternative fuels for autonomous power supply is made. Practical significance: the obtained results can be used for modernization of low-capacity power plants used in refrigerated and other types of transport.