Физико-химические свойства суспензий на основе оксида алюминия и перспективы их применения

Abstract

Cordierite blocks of a honeycomb structure with square cross-section channels are used as ceramic carriers for three-route automotive catalysts. Catalytically active layers are applied from suspensions based on γ-Al2O3, which is introduced into the internal volume of the carrier. The preparation of suspensions included impregnation of Al2O3 powder with solutions of Pt, Eu precursors, dilution with water, grinding to particles with an average size of 4 microns, setting acidity in the required range. The study of the physicochemical properties (point of zero charge, specific surface area, particle size, pore volume, average pore diameter) of a suspension prepared on the basis of aluminium oxide and modified with europium and platinum ions is relevant due to the possibility of using three-path catalysts in technology. The surface and porosity parameters were determined by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption. pHzcp values were determined by gravimetric titration, the pH of the points were in the range of 6.01-7.1, therefore, the specified acidity range should not be beyond these limits. The processes of thermal destruction of suspensions during heating were studied by thermal analysis. During the heating process from -100 to 250°C, a weight loss was observed throughout the heating process. Endothermic effects were discovered, corresponding to the melting of ice, evaporation of moisture, and decomposition of nitrogen-containing compounds. The greatest weight loss was observed in an aluminium oxide sample modified with europium and platinum ions (Eu,Pt/γ-Al2O3). Quantitative assessment of the forms of moisture bonds in the suspension was carried out using experimental dependences on weight changes of the TG sample and the rate of change in the DTG weight in the temperature range of 270-380 K. Based on the activation energy values, it was established that the mechanism of moisture release from the Eu,Pt/γ-Al2O3 differs from others. The calculated activation energies for the release of moisture was high (41-92 kJ/mol), which indicates the bound state of water in the structure of the solid phase. The suspension was applied to a ceramic catalyst base and annealed at 500 °C, information about the mechanism of moisture release during heating of the suspension will help to avoid a decrease in the specific surface area.