Прием витаминно-минеральных комплексов во время беременности необходим: сравнительный анализ действующих рекомендаций

Abstract

Currently, the Russian Federation has several methodological and clinical recommendations, programs and guidelines developed by the communities of nutritionists, pediatricians and obstetricians-gynecologists. All of them are of informational and methodological nature and are designed for practical use. The aim of the study is to compare the current recommendations on the use of vitamins and minerals in the nutrition of pregnant women to maintain the optimal micronutrient status, as well as to assess their compliance with global trends. Nutritionists' recommendations are aimed at prophylactic intake of vitamin and mineral supplements (VMS) to improve the micronutrient status of a pregnant woman and meeting the needs of the fetus. The 2020 recommendations of domestic obstetricians and gynecologists on the use of micronutrients in the nutrition of pregnant women are based on fundamentally different criteria and proceed from the extent to which additional intake of a particular micronutrient may reduce the risk of obstetric and perinatal complications. Given the high prevalence of multiple micronutrient deficiencies among pregnant women, the absence of programs for mandatory enrichment of products of mass consumption with B vitamins and iron, iodization of table salt, in Russia it is advisable to prescribe VMS by women in order to replenish the insufficient intake of vitamins and minerals with the diet. In 2019, new guidelines from the Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) were published that recommend a routine daily intake of VMS specifically designed for pregnant women. It seems expedient and logical to create unified national clinical guidelines harmonized with modern international recommendations based on consensus between nutritionists, obstetricians-gynecologists and pediatricians. The presence of such a regulatory document will facilitate the work of practitioners. A lot of educational work is also needed to explain the benefits of prophylactic intake of VMS during preparation and during pregnancy to maintain the health of the mother and child. Key words: multiple vitamin-mineral supplements, pregnancy, current recommendations, micronutrient sufficiency