Обзор и анализ показателей работы лучших отечественных и зарубежных речных дноуглубительных землесосов

Abstract

The article analyzes the development and modernization of energy and technological equipment, as well as soil productivity of dredging projects of both foreign and domestic manufacturers of dredging equipment. The emphasis has been placed on the installation and use of submersible pumps. The productivity of soil dredges has been found to increase due to changes in the design of soil sampling devices and soil pumps. The main characteristics of the American river dredgers with hydraulic cultivators and domestic river diesel dredgers with hydraulic soil cultivators have been considered and evaluated. The designs of the dredgers built in France and the Netherlands have been studied. To compare the technical and economic parameters of the standard type Beaver1600 dredger and the 82080-800 m3/h project domestic dredger there were carried out calculations by the specialists of Volzhskiy State University of Water Transport. There has been illustrated the layout of the TRN-3000 dredge pump (France) including a control cabin, a milling cultivator, a frame of a soil intake device, a submersible soil pump, an anchor support, etc.; layout of the KhAM-219 dredger (Netherlands); layout of Ellicott dredger (USA); layout of a domestic 350-50LPG dredger based on class 350-50L dredgers; a suction pump S-55P; layout of the Benoto dredger (France) including a mechanical cultivator, a soil pump, a hydraulic pump of a soil pump, a frame and a hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the frame. It has been inferred that the domestic dredgers are not inferior to the foreign models, taking into account that they are equipped with a new type of domestic rotary-bucket cultivator for working on inland waterways of Russia. The financial assessment of the construction of new domestic dredgers has been carried out.