Сравнительный анализ гендерных особенностей эмоционально-коммуникативной сферы руководящего состава службы исполнения наказаний

Abstract

The paper concerns the interdisciplinary problem at the junction of legal, organizational, gender, personality psychology, and psychology of labour. It includes several aspects which are themselves separate subjects of research, for example, effects of professional activities on mental and psychological health of the Federal Penitentiary Service staff, psychological characteristics of a person in a managerial position, gender-based characteristics of professional development, etc. In order to identify the gender characteristics in the field of emotional communication skills of the Penitentiary Service management staff, the study was undertaken using the following methods: Rapid Evaluation of Management Potential (N.P. Fetiskin, V.V. Kozlov, G.M. Manuylov); Evaluation of Communication and Organizational Aptitudes (authors V.V. Sinyavsky and B.A. Fedorishin); Orientation Styles of Professional Communication (N.P. Fetiskin, V.V. Kozlov, G.M. Manuylov); Burnout Assessment adapted by A.A. Rukavishnikov; Personal Aggressiveness and Proneness to Conflict (E.P. Ilyin and P.A. Kovalev); Behavior Self-Regulation Style (V.I. Morosanova, E.M. Konoz). The study involved 93 employees of the Federal Penitentiary Service (Tomsk), including 72 (77 %) men and 21 (23 %) women aged 27 to 52. The comparative analysis of mean values for the female and male samples was carried out using Student's t-test. It revealed that men have higher values on the planning, pertinacity, aggressiveness and negative aggressiveness scales, while women have higher values on the ability to compromise scale. The factor analysis shows that positive factors prevail in the male sample (41 % of the dispersion) as compared to the female sample (12 % of the dispersion). This suggests that it is necessary to develop a differentiated psychological support model for the staff and to enhance activities aimed at preventing and correcting psychological problems of female employees.