Проблемы и перспективы развития зеленой энергетики в условиях перехода к устойчивому развитию

Abstract

Subject/topic. This article explores the features of green energy development, which is a crucial condition for achieving low-carbon economic development, thereby reducing the impact on the planet's climate system. Goals/Objectives. The aim of this research is to analyze changes in greenhouse gas emissions by countries and economic sectors, and to determine the trajectory of green energy development. Methodology. In the process of working on the article, various methods were employed, including analysis, synthesis, systematization, economic and logical analysis, content analysis, as well as comparisons and groupings. Results. Over the past few decades, there has been significant growth in the use of green energy in many countries. The expansion of green energy is closely linked to reduced costs for renewable energy, increased energy efficiency, ongoing technological progress, informed decision-making at the business level, global collaboration among countries, and effective national policies. To meet the growing energy demand in the near future while ensuring sustainable societal development, the application of hybrid energy supply models is necessary, with renewable energy sources as their foundation. Conclusions/Significance. Green energy will contribute to addressing Earth's environmental issues by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and will help avoid energy crises. The use of renewable energy sources requires a balanced assessment of resources, appropriate technologies, and systems that can support sustainable and low-carbon economic development.