Использование новых кормовых добавок из местных растительных ресурсов в рационах кур-несушек

Abstract

Purpose. To establish the effect of extruded grain of amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus chlorostachys) with and without the addition of a complex of enzymes, sunflower polysaccharide extract (hereinafter referred to as SPE), sunflower and pumpkin fuses in combination with bischofite on economic, biological, hematological indicators and the immune status of laying hens. Materials and Methods. The experiment was carried out on laying hens of the industrial herd of the Hayseks brown cross at the breeding enterprise of the Volgograd region of the Svetloyarsky district on the basis of Agricultural enterprise "Svetly" JSC "Agrofirm Vostok". Blood biochemical parameters were determined according to the methods of JSC "Deacon-DS" using the appropriate set of biochemical reagents on automatic biochemical analyzers URIT-800Vet, URIT-3020, other studies – on certified equipment in the complex analytical laboratory of VRIMMP (Volgograd, Russia). The obtained results were processed using software, calculating the mean value (M), standard errors of the mean value (±SEM) and determination of the Student-Fisher test for the significance of the difference. Results. The positive dynamics of cholesterol reduction by 6.87% was proved with the addition of 10% amaranth and by 9.86% with the addition of 10% amaranth and 250 g/t of the multienzyme complex. The use of sunflower polysaccharide extract in feeding laying hens – a by-product of sunflower oil production – in the amount of 3; 5 and 7% contributed to an increase in the yield of hatching eggs, respectively, by 88, 239 and 149 pcs. regarding control, increase in the intensity of egg production, feed conversion. The highest efficiency in the production of hatching eggs was achieved when using sunflower polysaccharide extract at a dosage of 5.0% in the diet structure. A significant increase in the productivity of chickens of all experimental groups by a value of 2.00 to 3.94% (P≤0.001) was established with the addition of pumpkin, sunflower phosphatides and bischofite, while the upper value was recorded with the addition of sunflower phosphatides and bischofite. The addition of pumpkin phosphatides contributed to the greatest increase in the weight of the laid egg relative to the control by 2.7 g (4.38%). Feeding both types of phosphatides contributed to the economy of feed, lowering cholesterol levels by 2 to 3.6%. The use of bischofite was manifested in a significant increase in the thickness of the shell, respectively, by a value from 13.0 to 21.2 microns. Conclusion. The greatest reduction in cholesterol levels (by 9.86%) and efficiency in the production of eggs was achieved with the addition of 10% amaranth and 250 g/t of the multi-enzyme complex. The best economic and biological indicators of poultry were recorded when using sunflower polysaccharide extract at a dosage of 5.0% in the diet structure. The addition of sunflower phosphatides in the amount of 3% and 2.6% bischofite contributed to a significant increase in the productivity of chickens by 3.94% (P≤0.001). The addition of pumpkin phosphatides contributed to the greatest increase in the weight of the laid egg relative to the control by 2.7 g (4.38%). The inclusion of bischofite in the diet of laying hens resulted in a significant increase in shell thickness by 13.0 to 21.2 µm.