Пожарная безопасность предприятий промышленности с учетом различных отраслей, форм собственности и субъектности

Abstract

The state of fire safety at industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation in various industries is analyzed based on the study of the indicators of large fires at the industrial facilities. Most of the major fires during the analyzed period of time occurred at the enterprises of the forestry, woodworking and pulp and paper industries. The largest loss of life per 100 major fires was recorded in the light industry, fuel industry and construction. The lowest levels of safety (estimated by the indicator «the proportion of injured people out of the total number of people killed and injured in fires») were recorded at the light, forestry, and agricultural enterprises. It is noted that about 56 % of fires at the light and forestry enterprises occurred at small and micro-enterprises, which is much higher than the national average (on average for all the industries in Russia, large fires at small and micro-enterprises over the analyzed period amounted to 38 %). The state of ensuring fire safety of industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation of various forms of ownership is analyzed based on the study of the indicators of large fires at the industrial facilities. It is established that most of the fires during the analyzed period occurred at the private enterprises — 84 % of all large fires at the industrial facilities in Russia. An additional analysis of the state of fire safety at the industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation was carried out based on the study of the indicators of large fires at the industrial facilities by business entities. The lowest levels of safety were recorded in the microenterprises and small enterprises, which confirms the assumptions about the problems with occupational safety and health management systems in these enterprises. In this regard, the task of developing approaches to improve occupational safety management systems at these enterprises is relevant.