К ОБОСНОВАНИЮ СПОСОБА ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОЙ СЕПАРАЦИИ СВОБОДНОГО ЗЕРНА ПРИ ОЧЕСЕ РАСТЕНИЙ НА КОРНЮ

Abstract

The results of theoretical studies confirming the possibility of carrying out preliminary separation of free grain from the stripped grain pile before it enters the threshing chamber of a combine harvester are presented. The prospect of a separating device mounted directly in front of the threshing drum, consisting of longitudinal rods, over which an additional scraper conveyor is mounted, has been established. The cross section of each strip of the grating is narrowed downwards to increase the intensity of separation of the device and eliminate the possibility of clogging the holes with passing particles of the heap. The optimal length of the openings of the pre-drum type separating device, its spatial orientation were determined, and the quality indicators of the work were evaluated. Theoretical studies of the separation process on winter wheat of the “Moskovskaya 56” variety with a grain size of 3.9x6.5 mm were performed. The speed of the scraper conveyor was 3 m/s, and the angle of inclination of the separating device varied within 0-45 degrees. It has been established from the results of research that with an increase in the angle of inclination of the separating surface, the length of the sieve openings increases, and the separation speed decreases. Since the horizontal grate provides a higher separation rate of free grain, compared to an inclined surface, the use of a pre-drum type separating device is most preferable in relation to the grate bottom of the feeder house of a combine harvester in terms of its performance. It has been established that the length of the separating holes should be at least 0.08 m. Such a technical solution allows minimizing not only the crushing of free grain by the working bodies of the threshing machine, but also to reduce the metal consumption of the separating device.