ЕВРОПЕЙСКАЯ ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ: ПРОЕКТ В ЭПОХУ ПЕРЕМЕН И ЕГО ОТРАЖЕНИЕ В ЗАПАДНОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the project of European integration in the context of the problems of globalization of the 21 st century, widely covered in Western literature. The process of globalization in a multipolar world, the decline in the role of the United States, the rise of China, the strengthening of Russia, and the stagnation of the economy are aptly characterized in Western literature as «global disorder» and «global turbulence». In the European Union itself, the unifying tendencies (the expansion of the number of member states) were replaced by a slowdown in the process of deepening («Europe at different speeds»), the strengthening of centrifugal forces, the positions of Eurosceptics, nationalist and populist movements. The democratic deficit and immigration problems are sharply criticized. In the context of «global turbulence» or «global disorder», the need to preserve the EU's «autonomy», its own leadership strategy, so-called «soft power», again comes to the fore.