Abstract
General strain theory, routine activity theory, self-control theory, social learning theory, and social bond theory are representative theories to explain the causes of juvenile delinquency. However, as online delinquency emerges, it is necessary to verify whether the aforementioned theories can be adopted for both online and offline delinquency. To examine these theories, this study identified 76 empirical articles on South Korea adolescents that utilized one of these theories. Using meta-analysis, this study found that there was a statistically significant difference in the effect size among theories. The effect of social learning theory (ES: 0.29, p < .001) on delinquency was highest, followed by self-control theory (ES: -0.20 p < .001), routine activity theory (ES: -0.19, p < .001), general strain theory (ES: -0.17, p < .001), and social bond theory (ES: -0.16, p < .001). Furthermore, the moderation effect of online and offline delinquency on the theories was only statistically significant according to general strain theory. The effect size of offline delinquency was larger than the effect size of online delinquency. Findings of this study will be used to utilize more effective factors for future studies and interventions.
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