Направления рационального и комплексного использования минеральных ресурсов недр при открытых горных работах

Abstract

The aim of the work is to study the methods of rational subsurface use in open-pit mining. The article outlines the main directions of rational and integrated use of mineral resources of the subsurface and the ways of their implementation in the open method of field development. The problems that prevent further expedient waste processing are identified. The achieved experience and prospects of complex development of deposits of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, mining and chemical raw materials and coal are analyzed. The problem of complex utilization of coals in industry in order to extract rare elements (in particular germanium and scandium) from the mineral component is considered. Special attention is paid to the specifics of transition to low-waste, resource-saving technologies of mining and enrichment production, to their efficiency and environmental safety at many mining enterprises. The directions of waste disposal of mining and processing industries and ways of their use for the internal needs of the enterprise, namely the use of overburden rocks of the Lebedinsky mining and processing plant, are investigated. Recommendations for the involvement in the development of man-made deposits and substandard mineral raw materials using physico-chemical methods for extracting useful components are given. It is noted that a comprehensive system of rational development of the country’s mineral resource base has not been built to date. This system is of great importance for the preservation of non-renewable natural resources of the subsoil and the successful implementation of the tasks of the National Project “Ecology”. A special role should be given to scientific research on the development of eco-innovative technologies for mining and processing of minerals.