Результаты популяционного исследования распространенности хирургии катаракты и причин низких послеоперационных зрительных функций

Abstract

Purpose. Тo study the prevalence of cataract surgery, its effectiveness and factors that reduce visual results in a population of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Material and methods. The Ural Eye and Medical Study population study, based on the Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases, was attended by 5885 people aged 40 years and older. A low visual result after cataract surgery was determined with visual acuity without correction below 0.3. Statistical data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistic application package. Results. The prevalence of cataract surgery was 6.1% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 4.0–9.3%). A higher frequency of operations was associated with an age factor (odds ratio (OR) 1.13, 95% CI 1.11–1.15%; p<0.001), male gender (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.19–2.37%; p=0.003), living in a city (OS 1.54, 95% CI 1.06–2.23%; p=0.02), single living (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.01– 2.11%; p=0.04) and the presence of diabetes mellitus (OR 1.33, 95% CI 0.78–2.20%; p=0.02). Low visual results after cataract surgery, given the maximum postoperative correction, were detected in 11.5% of cases (58 eyes). The main reasons for the low postoperative result are refractive error (40%), macular degeneration (19.0%), glaucoma (15.5%), clouding of the posterior capsule (13.8%) and diabetic retinopathy (12.1%). Conclusion. The obtained results of good postoperative uncorrected visual acuity amounted to 73.1% and turned out to be quite close to international standards (80%). The main reasons for the low visual results of cataract surgery were refractive error and age-related macular degeneration. Key words: population study, cataract surgery, the prevalence of cataract surgery