Abstract
Landscapes’ development in the Razdolnaya River Basin in the Starorechensky hillfort vicinity was reconstructed. Fragmentary data for the middle Holocene phase (~5.9 cal. ka) were obtained, in detail the reconstruction was carried out for the last 2.5 cal. ka. The development of landscapes took place in contrasting climatic conditions, moisture changed the most strongly. Five stages of the valley development under different humidity were reconstructed. The sections include buried soil formed in the droughty period in the second half of the late Holocene. At this time, steppe sagebrush, mixed herbs grasslands and birch woodlands were widespread. Climate in the late 7th-10th centuries gradually became warmer and more humid. Decrease of the temperature, with high humidity in the Little Ice Age with a constant renewal of the substrate on the floodplain during floods, led to an increase in areas occupied by Betula ovalifolia communities. The role of Pinus densiflora and birches increased in the mountain forests. Correlation of paleogeographic events with regional data is carried out. The role of the anthropogenic factor in the development of landscapes during the settlement of the valley by the Bohai agriculturalists, the first settlers of the 19th-beginning of 20th centuries and the development of modern agro-complexes was analyzed.
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