신간척지토양에서 토양염농도, 퇴비 및 추비량 차이가 밀의 수량 및 수량구성요소에 미치는 영향

Abstract

Recently, upland crops cultivation instead of paddy crops are more popular and highlighted by increase of social demand in agricultural land use. Especially, wheat cultivation for replacing of import food grain are more interested by government, and it is urgently needed that possibility of wheat cultivation is evaluated in the reclaimed tidal land. Crop cultivation is closely related with soil salinity and cultivation method in the reclaimed tidal land. In order to evaluate possibility of wheat cultivation, effect of different application level of compost and nitrogen additional fertilizer, also soil salinity on the grain yield and yield components of three wheat cultivars was studied at the newly reclaimed Saemangeum and Hwanong tidal lands in Korea. <TEX>$270-300kg\;10a^{-1}$</TEX> of grain yield were obtained at the experimental site in the Saemangeum reclaimed tidal land where soil salinity was less than <TEX>$4dS\;m^{-1}$</TEX> during growing periods from December, 2009 to June, 2010. However, almost no grain yield was obtained at the experimental site in the Hwaong reclaimed tidal land, where soil salinity was more than average <TEX>$8dS\;m^{-1}$</TEX> ranged from 2.0 to <TEX>$25.9dS\;m^{-1}$</TEX> during growing period and then salt demage was severe. Yield was significantly different among application level of compost and nitrogen additional fertilizer in the newly reclaimed Saemangeum tidal land. However, it is considered that three cultivars such as Chopum, Chogyung and Geumgang, have similar sensibility to soil salinity and fertilizer level, because there is statistically no difference among ciltivars in Hwaong and Saemangeum, and also among cultivars in the different levels of compost and fertilizer. Finally, it is concluded that wheat can be possibly produced by reasonable fertilizer application in the Saemangeum reclaimed tidal land, but wheat cultivation is impossible because of high soil salinity in the Hwaong reclaimed tidal land.