Ограничительные факторы в оценке энергоэффективности судов-толкачей большегрузных составов во внутреннем плавании

Abstract

The issues of energy efficiency assessment for inland navigation vessels and focus on the need to implement different approaches in this context in relation to single vessels against pushers with heavy convoys are considered. This is due to transportation technologies, which have a number of significant differences when pushing a heavy caravan. The analyses were made for the data of systematic testing of ships and the values of energy efficiency indicators obtained for them according to the methodology applied by IMO for ships in international maritime shipping. Fluctuations in water levels on inland waterways and on river sections, in particular, especially when moving pushers with caravans of barges, have a significant impact on the performance of the hydrodynamic propulsive complex. Using the example of the data from the Danube river gauging stations, the assuring enough depth both when performing one voyage at different sections of movement, and during a calendar year were considered. The ratios of the fairway depth and the draft of the vessel are determined, which are boundary for a decrease in the speed of movement in connection with a change in resistance with a tangible negative effect of shallow water. In this regard, issues of increasing fuel consumption in shallow water areas and related factors affecting energy efficiency are also considered. At the same time, the interrelation of energy efficiency and eco-friendliness dictates the use of integrated approaches not only from the standpoint of quantitative indicators of fuel consumption, but also from the standpoint of the use of modern technologies for cleaning exhaust gases. The factors contributing to the development of energy efficiency management are considered as separate categories. These include the work of the River Information Services (RIS), the training of river boatmasters and the instability factors in the shipping and bunker markets. The conclusions about the inseparability of the considered factors, as well as the need for their further comprehensive consideration in order to create a common algorithm for managing energy efficiency in the inland navigation were made.